The Government of the Republic of South Africa filed its application with the International Court of Justice instituting proceedings in the name of the Republic of South Africa (“South Africa”) against the State of Israel (“Israel”). The Application includes a request that the Court indicate provisional measures to protect the rights invoked herein from imminent and irreparable loss. It concerns acts threatened, adopted, condoned, taken, and being taken by the Government and military of the State of Israel against the Palestinian people, a distinct national, racial, and ethnical group, in the wake of the attacks in Israel on 7 October 2023.